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Password Cracking

Password cracking is the process of attempting to guess passwords, given the password file information.

Phishing

A criminal activity using social engineering techniques. Phishers attempt to fraudulently acquire sensitive information, such as usernames, passwords and credit card details, by masquerading as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication. Typically the e-mail and the web site looks like they are part of a bank the user is doing business with.

Proprietary Information

Proprietary information is that information unique to a company and its ability to compete, such as customer lists, technical data, product costs, and trade secrets.

Public Key Encryption

Public key cryptography, also known as asymmetric cryptography, is a form of cryptography in which a user has a pair of cryptographic keys - a public key and a private key. The private key is kept secret, while the public key may be widely distributed. Private key is used to digitally sign documents and public key is used to verify the digital signature.

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)

A PKI (public key infrastructure) enables users of a basically unsecured public network such as the Internet to securely and privately exchange data and money through the use of a public and a private cryptographic key pair that is obtained and shared through a trusted authority. In general, a PKI enables the parties in a dialogue to establish confidentiality, message integrity and user authentication without having to exchange any secret information in advance, or even any prior contact.